ABOUT

Tamas SZVET
  (full name: Dr. Tamás Komlovszky-Szvet) 
湯明煦 

Born in 1982 in Szarvas, Hungary, Szvet studied in Budapest, in Helneas, Denmark, and Amsterdam, The Netherlands. He received his Doctorate in Liberal Arts from the Hungarian University of Fine Arts in 2018. He is living and working in Hsinchu, Taiwan.

Szvet is fascinated by visual perception and ways of seeing. His artistic research wants to challenge what we think our vision’s boundaries are and the ways we can push those boundaries down and see the world with fresh eyes.

He combines traditional techniques with new media applications: his sculptures and installations use both natural materials such as wood, bamboo, or metal, and the ephemeral — light, shadow, projection, reflection, and virtual reality. His intention is to create site-specific artworks which surround the viewer and ultimately enhance his or her interaction or engagement with the particular space and locale.

His interest toward ways of seeing arises from childhood, when until the age of thirteen he saw only bright light and amorphous shadows due to extremely weak eyesight. Following rigorous eye exercises, his vision miraculously healed and became incredibly sharp. Tamas gradually understood that the eye can not only be retrained and recalibrated literally, but also figuratively: the trained eye, our second sight, as it were, can help us better perceive the world around us, and in so doing take us beyond our well-worn view of reality. He believes that the role of the artist, therefore, is to foster this continual exploration, transforming each viewer into an artist.

湯明煦

生於1982年,匈牙利的索爾沃什。湯明煦曾分別在匈牙利的布達佩斯和荷蘭的阿姆斯特丹求學。他在2018年獲得Hungarian University of Fine Arts 的藝術博士學位,目前在台灣的新竹居住及工作。

湯明煦對於視覺和認知非常感興趣,他希望透過藝術研究挑戰我們視覺認知的臨界點,以及我們可以如何運用新的視角,換個角度看世界。

湯明煦在傳統技法上添加新意:他的雕塑和裝置作品,使用自然素材如木頭、竹子、金屬並結合光影、投射、反射或虛擬實境。他企圖透過現地製作去強化觀者和他身處的環境的互動連結。

湯明煦觀察方式的興趣始於童年;十三歲以前,由於先天性的眼疾,他只能看到明亮的光線和不規則的陰影。 偶後經過嚴苛的眼科復健,他的視力奇蹟般地恢復且異常清晰。湯明煦逐步意識到,視力不僅確實可以重新訓練和校正,還可以用來比喻:經過訓練的眼睛,宛如我們的第二視力,幫助我們對於周遭更加敏銳,從而使我們超越已知的現實。因此,他認為藝術家的角色是在持續推進(第二視力)探索,將每個觀看者轉變為藝術家。

EDUCATION:

(2009-2018) Ph.D. / DLA Doctor of Liberal Arts program, Hungarian University of Fine Arts, Budapest / HU
(2011-2012) (Ph.D. exchange) University of Amsterdam, Department of Media Studies Amsterdam / NL
(2008-2009) (MFA exchange) Folk Academy of Helnæs, Department of Ceramics / DK
(2005-2007) MFA Hungarian University of Fine Arts, Sculpture; Visual Arts Teacher, Budapest / HU
(2011-2012) (BFA exchange) Gerrit Rietveld Academie, Fine Art Department Amsterdam / NL
(2002-2005) BFA Hungarian University of Fine Arts, Department of Sculpture, Budapest / HU


BIENNALE:

2018 - FRESH WINDS - International Art Biennale, curator: Mireya Samper, Garður / IS

ARTIST IN RESIDENCY PROGRAMS:


2021 - SIAO-LONG Cultural Park, Jiali District, Tainan City / Taiwan
2021 - Hsinchu ART SITE of Railway Warehouse, Hsinchu City / Taiwan
2020 - GIHAK ARTLAB, East Rift Valley, Hualien / Taiwan
2019 - Tsung-Yeh Arts and Cultural Center, Madou, Tainan / Taiwan
2019 - Pier-2 Art Center Artist in Residency Program, Kaohsiung / Taiwan
2018 - Art Inside Out Residency, Askhult / SE
2018 - Zhuzihu, Yangmingshan National Park / Taiwan
2017 - Haiharan taidekeskus, Haihara Art Center, Tampere / FI
2017 - Inhabitant Zero, Kalejdohill Järfälla, Stockholm / SE
2016 - AIAV Akiyoshidai International Art Village, Yamaguchi Prefecture / JP
2015 - AIR Niederösterreich, Kunstmeile Krems / AT
2015 - Sculpture Space, Inc. Utica, New York / USA
2014 - Mino Artist in Residency, Gifu Prefecture / JP
2013 - SeMA Nanji Residency, Seoul Museum of Art, Seoul / KR
2013 - La Malterie Residency, Lille / FR
2012 - Arteles Creative Center, Hämmenkyrö / FI
2012 - MeetFactory, Prague / CZ
2011 - Hungarian Academy Rome / IT
2010 - Kunststiftung Baden-Württemberg, Stuttgart / DE

 PUBLIC ARTWORKS

2021 - AURA Shè Zi Island, Shilin, Taipei, Taiwan
2021 - PANORAMA Siao-Long Cultural Park  Jiali  District, Tainan City, Taiwan
2020 - CONNECTION Hsinchu Art Site of Railway Warehouse Hsinchu City, Taiwan
2019 - FOUNDATIONS, Tsung-Yeh Arts and Cultural Center, Madou / Taiwan
2019 - PORT OF IDENTITY, Pier-2 Art Center, Dayi Park, Kaohsiung / Taiwan 

SELECTED SOLO EXHIBITIONS:

2021 -  ART GYM - FIGHTING! Hsinchu Art Site of Railway Warehouse, Hsinchu, Taiwan
2017 - POWER OF THE LAND, Haihara Art Center, Tampere / FI
2017 - MOON-FIELD, Tornyai János Museum, Hódmezővásárhely / HU
2016 - LIGHT SEANCE, Galleria U, Helsinki / FI
2015 - LIGHT SEANCE, Kunsthalle, Budapest / HU
2014 - AURA OF A CITY; Gallery Kepkaptar, Hodmezovasarhely / HU
2013 - On AIR; Gallery VILTIN, Budapest / HU
2012 - AUGMENTED MEMORY; Parthenón-fríz Hall, Budapest / HU
2012 - CASE STUDY; Galerie Kostka, MeetFactory, Prague / CZ
2010 - TIMED SPACE, Schaufenster Kunstverein, Dusseldorf / DE
2009 - WITHOUT MATERIAL, Óbudai Társaskör Gallery, Budapest / HU
2006 - HOMMAGE A VILT TIBOR, Parthenon-friz Hall, Budapest / HU

SELECTED GROUP EXHIBITIONS:

2022

2022 A JOURNAL OF THE PLAGUE YEAR /《疫年紀事疫後時代備忘錄》Hsinchu 241 Art Space 300新竹市東區中央路2416 /  300, Hsinchu City / Taiwan

2022 miao 動物 召喚 」館藏 圖像 應用 展華山1914文化 創意 產業 園區 organized by the National Museum of History, Huashan 1914 Creative Park, Taipei / Taiwan

“ IT’S RIGHT HERE.” Mino Washi International Group Exhibition Toyokawa Inari Tokyo Betsuin, Akasaka in Tokyo / Japan
PLACE VALUE – NEW ACQUISITIONS Ludwig Museum – Museum of Contemporary Art, Budapest / Hungary

2021

′′ HERE IT IS ′′ ~ Akari art ~" Mino Washi International Exchange exhibition, Yoshida Kobo, Mino, Gifu Prefecture, Japan
SITE EFFECTS Hsinchu Art Site of Railway Warehouse / 新竹鐵道藝術村 300, Hsinchu City, Taiwan

2020

REOPEN: FUTURE READING, curated by Hsin-Chih CHANG,張馨之, Former Shinchiku Prefecture Library,
Hsinchu, Taiwan
LINE-UP, curated by Yu-Hsuan Lee, 
育萱, Hsinchu Art Site of Railway Warehouse, Hsinchu, Taiwan
FIGURE, Gallery Viltin, Budapest / HU

2019

CUSTOMIZE - Ludwig 30, Ludwig Museum Of Contemporary Art, Budapest / HU

2018

SHIFT ÄSKHULT, Äskhult village, Halland County / SE

GAMEOMETRY, curators: Kati Haász; Barna Benedek, Vasarely Museum Budapest / HU

TEN, Gallery Viltin Budapest / HU

AKI AKARI II. Studio Yoshida, Mino city, Gifu Prefecture / JP

ORGANIKA; curator: Noémi Szabó, Art Capital’18 Amos Imre - Anna Margit Museum, Szentendre / HU

DREAMS, curator: Mireya Samper, International Art Biennale, Garður / IS

2017

Light Art Exhibition, Akiyoshidai International Art Village, Yamaguchi / JP

House of Silent, with Klára Petra Szabó, Kalejdohill Järfälla, Stockholm / SE

Forms, Spaces, Dimensions,  Galérii Z, Zichy-Palace, Bratislava / SK

Award-Winners, Pesti Vigadó Budapest / HU

2016

Reproduced Paradise, curators: Lőrincz Réka & Bencze Péter, Vánca Palace, Budapest / HU

Mesterkulcs, Centrul de Arta Din Transilvania, Sepsiszentgyörgy / RO

Keeping Colour, Gallery KépKapTár, Hódmezővásárhely / HU

Atelier, curator: Emese Révész, Székely Bertalan Atelier, Szada / HU

Photos and Pixels, curator: Klára Szarka, Kunsthalle, Budapest / HU

trans_2015-2016, Akiyoshidai International Art Village, Yamaguchi Prefecture / JP

Connections, Gallery Labor, Budapest / HU 

2015

LUMINA - Hommage à György Kepes, Deák 17 Galéria, Budapest / HU

Map of the New Art, Fondazione Giorgio Cini, Venice / IT

Middle of Europe, International Ceramic Centre, Hódmezővásárhely / HU

Winners of the 62. Autumn Exhibition of Varashely, Art IX-XI. Galéria, Budapest / HU

62. Autumn Exhibition of Varashely, Hódmezővásárhely / HU

LanguAGES of LIGHT, curator: Márton Orosz, Kepes Institute, Eger / HU

IAP Video Anthology 2. curator: Young-ri Lee, Theater C. Incheon / KR

Derko 60., curator: József Készman, Kunsthalle, Budapest / HU

2014

AIR, Mino-Washi Museum, Mino, Gifu prefecture / JP

21. Mino-Washi Lantern Festival, Mino, Gifu prefecture / JP

Tradition and Invention, UNESCO-palace Paris / FR

Yellow-Star Hauses, curator: István Bársony, Polish Institute Budapest / HU

Don’t forget to be carefree, curator Péter Bence, Design Terminal, Budapest / HU

Derko.Pécsi 2014, curator: József Készman, Kunsthalle Budapest / HU

Wissenschaft - Natur – Innovation, curator: Noémi Szabó, Collegium Hungaricum Wien / AT

HP InnovArt, curator: Ágnes Telek-Nay, Váci Palace, Budapest / HU

2013

Derkovits Now, curator: József Készman, Kunsthalle, Budapest / HU

Heterotopia, Seoul Museum of Art, Nanji Exhibition Hall, Seoul / KR

Five, curator: Tibor ISKI-Kocsis, Gallery VILTIN, Budapest / HU

2012

Quadratic Equations, Internacional Kepes Institute, Eger / HU

Necunoscutul Comun, Lábas House, Sepsiszentgyörgy / RO

Vieraat, Arteles Creative Center, Haukijärvi / FI

Young Hungarian Kinetic and Light Artists, Gallery A22 Budapest / HU

2011

Promenade Project, curator: Dr. Hegyi Loránd, Gallery Kogart, Budapest / HU

Künstlerbegegnungen, Hungarian Institute Stuttgart / DE

United in Art, curator: Sander Boschma, Galerie De Meerse, Haarlemmermeer / NL

Notation, curator: Marian Theunissen, M4 Guest Studio Amsterdam / NL

Language Matters, organizer: Tine Melzer, Gerrit Rietveld Academy Amsterdam / NL

Rietveld UnCut 2011, curators: Tomas Adolfs & Tarja Szaraniec, de Brakke Grond, Amsterdam / NL

Inventario, curator: Pál Németh, Hungarian Academy Rome / IT

2010

Donumenta, Gallery ArtAffair, Regensburg / DE

DLA Cooperation, curator: Tamás Körösényi, Feszty-ház, Budapest / HU

57th Autumn Exhibition Hódmezővásárhely / HU

2009

Pixels, curators:  Zsolt Petrányi, Katalin Spengler, Ernst Museum, Budapest / HU

FIKA, curator: Stenczer Sára, Zsolnay Factory, Pécs / HU

Blocked Disbursement, curators: Anna Lénárd, Gábor Pados, Gallery acb / HU

2008

Højskolen på Helnæs / DK

Reloaded, curator: Gábor Kerekes, Stúdió Gallery, Budapest /HU

Re:friss, curator: Mészáros Zsolt, Kogart Gallery, Budapest / HU

2007

Fresh Europe, curators: Brigitta Iványi-Bitter, Collegium Hungaricum, Wien / AT

Best of Diploma, Magyar Képzőművészeti Egyetem, Budapest / HU

Sony Ericsson Gallery, curator: Tamás Körösényi, Budapest / HU

2006

Budapest Art Expo Fresh, Művészetmalom, Szentendre / HU

Without borders, II. curator: Tamás Körösényi, Galéria Limes, Komárom / SK

From Eastern Europe With Love, Maastricht / NL

2002

Languages of Colours, curátor: Dóra Maurer, Barcsay Hall, Budapest / HU

ART FAIRS:

2021 - Maker Faire Taipei 2021 線上座談節目表 Taipei / Taiwan
2018 - Art Market Budapest 2018, presented by the Gallery VILTIN, Budapest / HU
2013 – Art Market Budapest, presented by the Gallery VILTIN, Budapest / HU
2012 - VIENNAFAIR – The New Contemporary, presented by the Gallery VILTIN, Wien / AT
2012 - ARCO, presented by the Gallery VILTIN, Madrid / ES
2012 - KINETICA Art Fair, presented by the Kinetica Museum, P3, London / UK
2010 - C.A.R. fair for contemporary art, presented by Gallery Spiritusz, Essen / DE
2010 - KINETICA Art Fair, presented by Gallery Ráday, P3, London / UK
2010 - Art Market Budapest, presented by the Spiritusz Gallery, Budapest / HU
2009 – Budapest Art Fair, presented by the Spiritusz Gallery, Budapest / HU

WORK EXPERIENCE:

(2019-)        VISUAL ART TEACHER, Department Head of Fine Arts
K1-G12 (visual arts, AP 2D Studio Art, AP 3D studio Art; AP Drawing, pottery)
Hsinchu County American School HCAS
新竹縣美國學校
No. 189, Gaotie 2nd Rd., Zhubei City, Hsinchu County 302 / TAIWAN

 (2009-2012) VISUAL ART TEACHER
high
school (sculptor, stone carving, anatomy drawing, drawing geometric, art history)
Tömörkény István High School of Art TIG
6720 Tömörkény utca 1. Szeged / HUNGARY

PRIZES AND SCHOLARSHIPS:

2016 - Rudnay Gyula Scholarship, Hódmezővásárhely / HU
2015/2014/2013 - Derkovits Gyula Scholarship / HU
2015 - Galyasi Miklós Prize, Hódmezővásárhely / HU
2015 - Hungarian Academy of Arts - Young Artist Scholarship, Budapest / HU
2014 - Kurucz D. István Prize Hódmezővásárhely / Hu
2013 - Campus Hungary Scholarship / Bauhaus-Archive Berlin / DE
2011 - Smohay Prize of the Museum of Székesfehérvár / HU
2011 - Hungarian State Eötvös Scholarship / HU
2010 - Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy Rome / IT
2010 - Talentum Prize, of the Hungarian Academy of Science, Budapest / HU
2008 - Hungarian Fine Arts Junior Prima Prize, Budapest / HU
2008 - Scholarship from the Royal Danish Ministry of Education / DK
2006 - Hungarian Republican Scholarship / HU
2004 - Ruzicskay György Scholarship / HU

WORKSHOPS:

21.11.2021 AURA TRACING WORKSHOP, We the Shezi Living Fest 2021 向望 Ǹg-bang Shezidao, Shilin, Taipei, Taiwan 

13-14.11.2021 VR DRAWING WORKSHOP Moriyama Market 2021 森山市集2021 in the Tainan City Art

Museum Building 2, Tainan / Taiwan

2021 VR DRAWING WORKSHOP led by Tamas Szvet in the Siao-Long Cultural Park Jialy, Tainan / Taiwan

23.10.2021 BIODIVERSITY, Yangmingshan Chungshan Hall, Yangmingshan Mountain, Taipei / Taiwan

5-13.09.2020 TONG-CAO Taiwanese Paper Plant workshop, ATAYAL Indigenous Culture Center, Huayuan Village花園, Hsinchu County / Taiwan
09.08.2020 BIODIVERSITY SUMMER WORKSHOP, Yangmingshan Chungshan Hall Taipei / Taiwan
21.06.2020. SOLAR ECLIPSE WORKSHOP / Gihak ArtLab, Hualien / Taiwan

30.06.2019. VR DRAWING WORKSHOP / Tsung-Yeh Arts and Cultural Center, Madou / Taiwan

16.03.2019. PERSONAL VISION II. / National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung / Taiwan
29.-30.10.2018. HIDDEN SITES II. / Äskhult, Halland County / SE

30.07.2018. PERSONAL VISION I. / Zhuzihu Community Center, Yangmingshan, Taiwan / ROC

17.11.2017. LIGHT OF THE LAND / Akiyoshidai International Art Village / Yamaguchi prefecture / JP

25.03.2017. / 29.03.2017. HOUSE OF SILENT / Kalejdohill, Järfälla, Stockholm / SE
11.02.2016. IN PRASE OF SHADOWS / Renaissa Nagato / Yamaguchi prefecture / JP

10.09.2014. PAPER MEMORY / Makidani Primary School / Mino, Gifu prefecture / JP


PUBLIC PRESENTATIONS:

2021.10.31. “Coming to My Place” Absolute Space for the Arts絕對空間, Tainan / Taiwan

20.09.2020 Taoyuan Land Art Festival 2020 National Center University, Taoyuan / Taiwan 

27.03.2019. National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung / Taiwan

26.10.2018. Gothenburg Design Festival, HDK Academy of Design and Crafts, Gothebourg / SE

24.07.2018. Zhuzihu Community Center, Yangmingshan, Taiwan / ROC

05.05.2016. FKSE 2. Project room, Budapest / HU

20.09.2014. Mino Cultural Center, Mino, Gifu prefecture / JP

11.05.2014. Bornemisza Péter Society, Capistrangasse 2/15 Wien / AT

09.08.2013. Gyeonggi Creation Center, Gyeonggi-do / KR

SYMPOSIUM:

2017 – XX. Ceramic Symposium, International Ceramic Centre, Hódmezővásárhely / HU
2017 – II. Concrete Symposium, Csomiép Beton és Meliorációs kft., Hódmezővásárhely / HU
2015 – XVIII. Ceramic Symposium, International Ceramic Centre, Hódmezővásárhely / HU

PUBLICATIONS:

2021 Tamas Szvet: VR TAIWAN – TAINAN Virtual Reality Drawing Book 2021 /  VR臺灣 - 臺南 虛擬實境繪圖書印刷 / Printer:天晴創藝有限公司 / Dawn Creative Arts, Tainan City指導單位 / Advisor:文化部 / Ministry of Culture  出版單位 / Publisher:臺南市政府文化局 / Cultural Affairs Bureau of Tainan City Government執行單位 / Organizer:蕭壠文化園區 / Siao-Long Cultural Park 版權 / Copyright  © 2021 Tamas Szvet ISBN: 978-986-5487-28-7

2019 - Tamas Szvet: Practicing AiR (article in book) MŰVÉSZLÉT, Budapest Art Mentor program, Bérczi Linda, Együtt a Művészetért Egyesület ISBN: 978-615-00-5173-4 (p.99) 2019

2018 - Tamas Szvet - VISION, Pauker Collection, Pauker Holding Kft. ISBN 978-615-5456-37-4

2015 - Tamas Szvet: Attila Csáji and the photon art, (article in book) Light Path, Attila Csáji, Kunsthalle Budapest books. ISBN 978-963-9506-79-4 (p.146-173)

2013 - Tamás Szvet: Augmented Memory (article in magazine) AR[t] art and technology magazine, issue#4. 2013 page 50/53.

2013 - Tamas Szvet: Attila Csáji and the photon art (article in magazine) FLASH ART Hungary magazine, issue#2013/2 (p.80-85.)

SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY:

PAIR Artist in Residence 2019, Publisher: Wen-Tsui WANG, ISBM: 978-986-5416-81-2, (p.39-40; 89-90)

AIR in Tainan 2019, Publisher: Cultural Affairs Bureau of Tainan City Government, ISBN 978-986-5415-63-1 (p.48-49)

Akiyoshidai International Art Village: 20th Anniversary Report Book for Artist in Residence trans_2008_2019, Omura Printing Co., Ltd. Yamaguchi, Japan, 2019 p.138.

Art Inside Out: Shift Äskhult - Art Inside Out #6 Kungsbacka Municipality, editor: Petra Johansson, Printed by Göteborgstryckeriet, ed.:500, ISBN.:978-91-639-5911-0, 2018. p.18-21.;23-24;26.

Noémi Szabó: VISION, Pauker Collection, Pauker Holding Kft. 2018 ISBN 978-615-5456-37-4

Károly Tóth: House of Silent, Műértő Hungarian Art Magazine, 2017 XX. p.23.
Akiyoshidai International Art Village: trans_2015-2016 program catalogue / page:12-21. / JP

Rónai Balázs Zoltán: Light Seance in the Kunsthalle, ÚJMŰVÉSZET, 2015.IX. / HU

Mino Artist in Residence catalog 2014, page 4-7. / JP

Overture Hungary / Contemporary Artists from Hungary, Imago Mundi, Luciano Benetton Collection, Fabrica, 2014 page 290-291 / IT
Dorota Kenderová&Jaro Varga: Is The Future Boring? Galeria Hit, 2014, ISBN 9788097154301, 162-163.old / SK

Seoul Museum of Art NANJI catalog 2013, page 218-219. / KR

Sturcz János: On AIR, ÚJMŰVÉSZET, issue#2013. XXIV.03. page 26/29. / HU

Kinetica Art Fair London 2012 catalogue / page 47. / UK

Szabó Noémi: Tamás Szvet’s Science-Fiction Sculptor, FLASH ART Hungary Magazin issue#2012/2 page 58-63; 94.-95. / HU

Bendig–Zsilinszky Zsófia: Augmented Reality, MŰÉRTŐ issue# 07/08 2012 page 13. / HU

United in Art 2011 DeMeerse catalog, 32-39. / NL

Giro-Szász Krisztina : ArtFolio 2010, 130-131, 289.old. / HU

Kinetica Art Fair London 2010 catalog page 24. / UK

Hungarian University of Fine Arts, Doctoral School, MKE. Budapest 2010. p.14-15; 94-95. / HU

Szőke Katalin, MŰÉRTŐ, issue#2009 XII./12./6. / HU

Marczinka Csaba: Tamás Szvet’s levitating objects, and reliefs, BALKON issue#2008/10 34-35/ HU
Hudra Klára: Amadeus – new ways, ÚJMŰVÉSZET, issue# 2006 XVII./9./31. / HU

WORK IN COLLECTIONS:

Amadeus Collection, Budapest / HU
Anders Lyng collection, Helnæs / DK
Danielle Freyss Collection, Paris / FR
Faur Zsófi Collection, Budapest / HU
Fundamenta Collection, Budapest / HU
Gallery Alföldi Hódmezővásárhely / HU
Institute of Contemporary Art - Dunaújváros  / HU
Kogart Collection, Budapest / HU
Ludwig Museum of Contemporary Art – Budapest / HU
Mino-Washi Lantern Museum, Mino, Gifu Prefecture / JP
Mino-Washi Museum, Mino, Gifu Prefecture / JP
Somlói-Spengler Collection (Somlói Zsolt, Spengler Katalin), Budapest / HU
Somfai Róbert Collection, Budapest / HU

MEMBERSHIPS:

2012 - The International Kepes Society / INT’L
2011 - Kinetica Museum, London / UK
2006 - Studio of Young Artists Association (FKSE) Budapest / HU

Artworks are available in Gallery VILTIN, 1061, Vasvári Pál street 1. Budapest / Hungary
http://www.viltin.hu/ Tel: 0036 1 787 58 66 

 






© szvettamas.com - All Rights Reserved 2009 Tamas Szvet
Please contact Tamas Szvet for use or publication of these articles or any written or visual content